The Roman god
Mercury, named after the Roman god of commerce and messengers, has been a significant planet in astrology since ancient times. In traditional Western astrology, Mercury is one of the seven classical planets (along with the Sun, Moon, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn) believed to influence human affairs directly.
Ancient Greek mythology
In ancient Greek mythology, Mercury was associated with the god Hermes, who was known as a messenger and trickster figure. Hermes also patronized merchants, thieves, and travelers, reflecting Mercury’s role as a planet of commerce and communication. The planet was often depicted in art as a winged figure or a caduceus, a symbol still used today to represent medicine and healing.
Mercury in early astrology
In early astrology, Mercury was associated with learning, writing, and speaking and was said to rule over the third and sixth houses of the zodiac. The third house is associated with communication, short trips, and siblings, while the sixth house is associated with work, health, and daily routines. Mercury’s placement in these houses was important for understanding a person’s communication style and intellectual abilities.
Mercury in medieval and Renaissance astrology
In medieval and Renaissance astrology, Mercury was also associated with alchemy and the concept of the philosopher’s stone, a legendary substance that was said to have transformative powers. Alchemists believed that Mercury represented the ability to transmute base metals into gold and the power of human consciousness to transform itself.
Mercury in modern astrology
Mercury has retained its association with communication, learning, and adaptability in modern astrology but has also been linked to technology, social media, and other forms of contemporary communication. The planet’s retrograde periods have become particularly famous in recent years, with many people attributing communication breakdowns, travel delays, and other challenges to Mercury’s apparent backward motion in the sky.
Understanding Mercury’s historical and mythological background in astrology can provide a deeper appreciation for the symbolism and archetypal qualities of the planet. In the next section, we will explore the specific traits and correspondences associated with Mercury in astrological symbolism.